<p>I think it would be worth making it bullet pointed, and so somewhat more structured:</p>

<ol>
<li>Nonparametric exact test procedures based on ranks (the 1950s, reaching their apex with Mann-Whitney tests, and further in robustness theory with L-statisitcs; also, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test)</li>
<li>Nonparametric inference procedures based on resampling (permutation tests)</li>
<li>Nonparametric estimation procedures based on local approximations (kernel density, kernel regression, lowess)</li>
<li>Other procedures that work without making strong assumptions about distribution of the data (design-based inference in survey statistics is sometimes referred to as non-parametric inference)</li>
</ol>
